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.He describes Salt as a sort of residue of Sea-foam, which coagulates on the low rocks of the seashore.Pliny includes this Spume of Salt amongthe native species, and says that it is thickened by dew.The interpreter of Nicander, in the Book ofAntidotes, defines Spume of Salt to be produced by the artificial mixture of salt and fresh water,which removes the natural acridity.The product was called by the Greeks Halos Achne, the Froth ofSalt.In this case, we may distinguish two kinds of Salt Spume-that mentioned by Dioscorides asproduced from the sea, and which Pliny calls a native Salt ; while the other is the manufactured Saltof Nicander's interpreter.Salt and Spume of Salt are evidently interchangeable terms, as Nitre andSpume of Nitre.It should also be observed that there are innumerable species of Salt; if their nativeplace, locality, quality, and the mineral in which they are found were to be regarded, the cataloguewould be longer than the Iliad.We will briefly treat of some species: Cappadocian Salt, Lump Salt,Rock Salt, Common Salt, are the same.There is also Salt of Sodom, which comes from the DeadSea, where the water is very bitter.It looks like a species of Sea-spume, or Solidified Salt.There isalso a kind of Salt called Sal Alkali or Alkal, which is manufactured, and is produced from the herbKali, or by the calcination of a plant called Anthyllis in a pit.Then there is the bright Salt calledNitre, Alexandrine Salt, Salt of Anderena, Baurach, Salt of Nitre, Coarse Soda or Potassa,Aphronitum, etc., for Nitre is a species of Salt.There is Sacerdotal Salt, which is included in the list of powerful antidotes.There is Tragesian Salt, Arsenical Salt, or Sublimated Arsenic; Alebrach, orAlebroth Salt, which is the Salt of chemists, on which consult the chemists.SALIS FLOS, ALOSANTHUS --- Flower of Salt, a species of Zoophyte, which comes from thesea, and is an efflorescence of the sea.In the laboratories it is called Sperma, Seed of Whale or SeaMonster, Pale Amber, Spermaceti, or Cetine, possibly from its efficacy in certain diseases.Theancients did not call it Spermaceti, but Flower of Salt.The same substance is found in the sea, as sailors and merchants have told me, and in the Nile, iftheir reports be true; also in marshes by the sea.In the Nile Dioscorides says that it assumes thecolour of the crocus, and it is purged to replace the red with a white colour.It is redolent of rankpoison, and is very unpleasant.It dissolves in oil, but not in water.Dioscorides states whence itcomes, describes its qualities, also the adulterated variety.He enlightens us on its medicinal uses.See also Cassius Felix on Alosachne.Pliny regards it as a substance of divers natures, and says thatit smells differently both from Salt and Sea-spume.It is found in Egypt, is carried by the Nile, andfloated about thereon.It is so well known in Saxony that it enters into medicines for almost everydisease.I know of a most excellent lady who perished by excessive use of it.1.Very fine Yellow and White Salt.2.Spermaceti or Cetine.SAL NITRI --- Saltpetre or Sal Nitri, smelted out of earth which has been drenched in urine --- forexample, such earth as forms the floors of stables.Native Salt, in Arabic Malk, is a most excellent condiment or spice.It is of two kinds --- native andartificial.Native, Mined, or Mineral Salt may either be dug up from the mines, or obtained fromlakes, springs, or rivers, the surface of which hardens or thickens into Salt.(See Pliny, l.31, c.7.)There are four varieties of Mined Salt:1.Sal Ammoniac or Sagaraic Salt, Scissile.Dioscorides says that it is white, free from pebbles,clear, like alum in colour, and called Schist.Ovid mentions it when treating of medicaments for thecomplexion, and calls it Ammoniac, which others write as Armoniac, because it is found inArmenia.Others again affirm that it is made from the herb Salmoniac, growing on the mountains ofSpain, and resembling the Anethus mentioned by Avicenna.Serapion distinguishes red, white,black, dust-colour, and transparent kinds, and says that it is warm and dry in the fourth degree.2.Rock Salt from India and Africa, also Cappadocian, like the Mirror Stone, or Sal Gemma.3.Black, from the mines of Poland ; also sometimes white and blue.It is dug up in blocks like mill-stones.It is called Naphthic, and is found in c9mbination with Naphtha.It is also called Black Salt,Indian Salt, the last on account of its colour.4.A green, crystalline Salt is mined in Transylvania, which is Sal Gemmae, and is also calledCappadocian, Costum, Metalline, and Taburen.It is called Sal Gemmaa, because it is clear as agem.It is a vein of Earth, and has the properties of Sal Ammoniac.All these species are called by the Germans Rock Salt, and are akin to Alum.They are corrosiveand desiccating.SAL NAPTAE --- Salt of Naptha, extracted from Petroleum. SAL NOMINIS --- Nominal Salt, i.e., Sal Gemma.SAL PANIS --- Common Salt.SAL PETRAE --- A product of Dissolved Lime or Spume of Salt.SAL PETRAE --- To sublimate is called Contracting Salt.SAL PLUMOSUM --- Shadow of Mercury.SAL RESOLUTUM EXTERNUM --- When a person deems what he eats to be Salt.SAL RUBEUM INDIAE --- Red Nitre.SAL SAPIENTIUM --- Salt of the Wise, Sal Ammoniac; a certain measure of Salt.SAL SCISSUM or SAL ENTALI --- Split Alum, Spar-like Gypsum.SAL TABARZET --- The whitest species of Tartar.SAL TARTARI --- White Calcined Tartar.SAL TRIPOLLINUS --- Syrian Salt, Salt of Tabor, Metallic Salt.SAL TARTARI --- White Calcinated Tartar.SANDARACA, otherwise ERYTHACE --- A Food for Bees.As to its production, see Pliny (1.11, c.7).But in this place we are dealing with a native metallic substance, which the Germans callOrpiment, Realgar, Arsenical Orpiment, Red Sulphur, Fire Sulphur, Red Orpiment.It is hot and dryin the second grade.It is not rude Red Silver, as some fancy.Sandarac is a Metal and a Purple Earth [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.He describes Salt as a sort of residue of Sea-foam, which coagulates on the low rocks of the seashore.Pliny includes this Spume of Salt amongthe native species, and says that it is thickened by dew.The interpreter of Nicander, in the Book ofAntidotes, defines Spume of Salt to be produced by the artificial mixture of salt and fresh water,which removes the natural acridity.The product was called by the Greeks Halos Achne, the Froth ofSalt.In this case, we may distinguish two kinds of Salt Spume-that mentioned by Dioscorides asproduced from the sea, and which Pliny calls a native Salt ; while the other is the manufactured Saltof Nicander's interpreter.Salt and Spume of Salt are evidently interchangeable terms, as Nitre andSpume of Nitre.It should also be observed that there are innumerable species of Salt; if their nativeplace, locality, quality, and the mineral in which they are found were to be regarded, the cataloguewould be longer than the Iliad.We will briefly treat of some species: Cappadocian Salt, Lump Salt,Rock Salt, Common Salt, are the same.There is also Salt of Sodom, which comes from the DeadSea, where the water is very bitter.It looks like a species of Sea-spume, or Solidified Salt.There isalso a kind of Salt called Sal Alkali or Alkal, which is manufactured, and is produced from the herbKali, or by the calcination of a plant called Anthyllis in a pit.Then there is the bright Salt calledNitre, Alexandrine Salt, Salt of Anderena, Baurach, Salt of Nitre, Coarse Soda or Potassa,Aphronitum, etc., for Nitre is a species of Salt.There is Sacerdotal Salt, which is included in the list of powerful antidotes.There is Tragesian Salt, Arsenical Salt, or Sublimated Arsenic; Alebrach, orAlebroth Salt, which is the Salt of chemists, on which consult the chemists.SALIS FLOS, ALOSANTHUS --- Flower of Salt, a species of Zoophyte, which comes from thesea, and is an efflorescence of the sea.In the laboratories it is called Sperma, Seed of Whale or SeaMonster, Pale Amber, Spermaceti, or Cetine, possibly from its efficacy in certain diseases.Theancients did not call it Spermaceti, but Flower of Salt.The same substance is found in the sea, as sailors and merchants have told me, and in the Nile, iftheir reports be true; also in marshes by the sea.In the Nile Dioscorides says that it assumes thecolour of the crocus, and it is purged to replace the red with a white colour.It is redolent of rankpoison, and is very unpleasant.It dissolves in oil, but not in water.Dioscorides states whence itcomes, describes its qualities, also the adulterated variety.He enlightens us on its medicinal uses.See also Cassius Felix on Alosachne.Pliny regards it as a substance of divers natures, and says thatit smells differently both from Salt and Sea-spume.It is found in Egypt, is carried by the Nile, andfloated about thereon.It is so well known in Saxony that it enters into medicines for almost everydisease.I know of a most excellent lady who perished by excessive use of it.1.Very fine Yellow and White Salt.2.Spermaceti or Cetine.SAL NITRI --- Saltpetre or Sal Nitri, smelted out of earth which has been drenched in urine --- forexample, such earth as forms the floors of stables.Native Salt, in Arabic Malk, is a most excellent condiment or spice.It is of two kinds --- native andartificial.Native, Mined, or Mineral Salt may either be dug up from the mines, or obtained fromlakes, springs, or rivers, the surface of which hardens or thickens into Salt.(See Pliny, l.31, c.7.)There are four varieties of Mined Salt:1.Sal Ammoniac or Sagaraic Salt, Scissile.Dioscorides says that it is white, free from pebbles,clear, like alum in colour, and called Schist.Ovid mentions it when treating of medicaments for thecomplexion, and calls it Ammoniac, which others write as Armoniac, because it is found inArmenia.Others again affirm that it is made from the herb Salmoniac, growing on the mountains ofSpain, and resembling the Anethus mentioned by Avicenna.Serapion distinguishes red, white,black, dust-colour, and transparent kinds, and says that it is warm and dry in the fourth degree.2.Rock Salt from India and Africa, also Cappadocian, like the Mirror Stone, or Sal Gemma.3.Black, from the mines of Poland ; also sometimes white and blue.It is dug up in blocks like mill-stones.It is called Naphthic, and is found in c9mbination with Naphtha.It is also called Black Salt,Indian Salt, the last on account of its colour.4.A green, crystalline Salt is mined in Transylvania, which is Sal Gemmae, and is also calledCappadocian, Costum, Metalline, and Taburen.It is called Sal Gemmaa, because it is clear as agem.It is a vein of Earth, and has the properties of Sal Ammoniac.All these species are called by the Germans Rock Salt, and are akin to Alum.They are corrosiveand desiccating.SAL NAPTAE --- Salt of Naptha, extracted from Petroleum. SAL NOMINIS --- Nominal Salt, i.e., Sal Gemma.SAL PANIS --- Common Salt.SAL PETRAE --- A product of Dissolved Lime or Spume of Salt.SAL PETRAE --- To sublimate is called Contracting Salt.SAL PLUMOSUM --- Shadow of Mercury.SAL RESOLUTUM EXTERNUM --- When a person deems what he eats to be Salt.SAL RUBEUM INDIAE --- Red Nitre.SAL SAPIENTIUM --- Salt of the Wise, Sal Ammoniac; a certain measure of Salt.SAL SCISSUM or SAL ENTALI --- Split Alum, Spar-like Gypsum.SAL TABARZET --- The whitest species of Tartar.SAL TARTARI --- White Calcined Tartar.SAL TRIPOLLINUS --- Syrian Salt, Salt of Tabor, Metallic Salt.SAL TARTARI --- White Calcinated Tartar.SANDARACA, otherwise ERYTHACE --- A Food for Bees.As to its production, see Pliny (1.11, c.7).But in this place we are dealing with a native metallic substance, which the Germans callOrpiment, Realgar, Arsenical Orpiment, Red Sulphur, Fire Sulphur, Red Orpiment.It is hot and dryin the second grade.It is not rude Red Silver, as some fancy.Sandarac is a Metal and a Purple Earth [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]