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.moved from one partof their country to another by an uncaring government, or (13).forced to fi nd a job and seek a living wherever they can.Can you imagine anything worse than the misery these people must face? Let us not confuse them withthose (14).who choose to live in another country and often have nicehouses and high salaries.These people are simply desperate to survive.As well as losing their homesbecause of war or natural disasters, they must come to terms with their new environment: for many, the(15).can be too great.And while many countries with an open policyon (16).will welcome them in with open arms, others will simply turnthem away.These people become (17)., unwanted and unwelcome.Even if they manage to get into a country, they will often be (18).orrepatriated.Their future is uncertain.Perhaps this is something we should all think about the next time we are(19).to our fi ve-star hotel by a palm-fringed beach or sitting in a buson an (20).to castle or other historical site in the countryside.Exercise 3Now try this essay.Use words and phrases from the box in Exercise 1, and any other words or phrasesthat you think would be relevant.What are the good things and bad things about traveling? Use specific examples to explain your answer.101WorkopicsTExercise 1Look at the words and phrases in the box, and use some of them to answer questions 1 – 14.Youmay need to change the form of some of the words.adverse working conditions applicant application form be made redundantblue-collar worker boss candidate commission demanding dismissdismissal downsize employee employer fi re fi xed incomefl exible working hours freelance full time hire homeworker incentivesincentive scheme income increment interview interviewee interviewerjob satisfaction job security manager manual workermanufacturing industry (on) leave overtime part-time pensionpension contributions perks profession promotion raiserecruitment drive repetitive strain injury (RSI) resign retirerewards and benefi ts salary self-employed semi-skilled service industrysick building syndrome sickness benefi t skilled a steady job stresssupervisor unemployed unemployment union unskilledunsociable hours wage (on) welfare white-collar worker workaholic1.Replace the word in bold in this sentence with another word from the box which has a similarmeaning: 'A lot of people wanted the job, but she was the best candidate'.2.What is the difference between a wage and a salary?3.Complete this sentence:.is a painful condition of the muscles inthe hands and the arms caused by doing the same movement many times (for example, using acomputer over a long period of time).4.Replace the word in bold in this sentence with another word from the box which has a similar, butless formal, meaning (you will need to change the form of the word): 'When he was caught stealingfrom the company, he was instantly dismissed.'.5.Complete this sentence: The word raise in the box is similar in meaning to.(which is also in the box).6.What is the difference between a blue-collar worker and a white-collar worker?7.True or false?: When a company downsizes its work force, this means that it pays its workers lessthan before.8.Complete this sentence:.are extra payments or benefits that youget in your job (for example, free meals, health insurance, company car, etc.).9.What do you think sick building syndrome is?10.Complete this sentence: If you have., you have work which isreliable and will last for a long time.11.True or false?: retire and resign have the same meaning.12.Complete this sentence: Banks, hospitals, and hotels are examples of.13.Would you be happy if you had adverse working conditions?14.Complete this sentence: A person who is.is not permanentlyemployed by one company, but sells their services to more than one company.102TopicsExercise 2Use your dictionary to check the meanings of the other words and phrases in the box.Exercise 3Complete this essay with appropriate words and phrases from the box in Exercise 1.You may needto change the form of some of the words.‘Some people live to work and others work to live.In most cases, this depends on the job they have andthe conditions under which they are employed.’ In your opinion, what are the elements that make a jobworthwhile?In answering this question, I would like to look fi rst at the elements that combine to make a jobun desirable.By avoiding such factors, potential (1).are more likely to fi nd a job that is more worthwhile, and by doing so, hope to achieve happiness in their work.First of all, it doesn’t matter if you are an (2).worker cleaning thefl oor, a (3).(4).worker on a production line in one of the (5)., or a(6).worker in a bank, shop, or one of the other(7).: if you lack (8)., with the knowledge that you might lose your job at any time, you will never feel happy.Everybody would like a(9).in which he or she is guaranteed work.Nowadays, however,companies have a high turnover of staff, (10).new staff and(11).others on a weekly basis.Such companies are not popular withtheir workers.The same can be said of a job in which you are put under a lot of(12).and worry, a job which is so(13).that it takes over your life, a job where you work(14).and so never get to see your family or friends, or a physical jobin which you do the same thing every day and end up with the industrial disease that is always in thepapers nowadays – (15).With all these negative factors, it would be diffi cult to believe that there are any elements that make a jobworthwhile.Money is, of course, the prime motivator, and everybody wants a good(16).But of course that is not all.The chance of(17)., of being given a better position in a company, is a motivatingfactor.Likewise, (18).such as a free lunch or a company car, an(19).scheme to make you work hard such as a regular(20).above the rate of infl ation, (21).in case you fall ill, and a company (22).scheme so that you have somemoney when you retire all combine to make a job worthwhile.Unfortunately, it is not always easy to fi nd all of these.There is, however, an alternative.Forget the offi ceand the factory fl oor and become (23).instead.When you work foryourself, your future may not be all that secure.However, at least you will be happy.Exercise 4Now try this essay.Use words and phrases from the box in Exercise 1, and any other words or phrasesthat you think would be relevant.'It is more important to have a job you enjoy doing than a job which pays well.' How far do you agreewith this statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.103Mini topicsopicsTFriends and relationsExercise 1Complete the sentences with the most appropriate words and phrases from the box [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.moved from one partof their country to another by an uncaring government, or (13).forced to fi nd a job and seek a living wherever they can.Can you imagine anything worse than the misery these people must face? Let us not confuse them withthose (14).who choose to live in another country and often have nicehouses and high salaries.These people are simply desperate to survive.As well as losing their homesbecause of war or natural disasters, they must come to terms with their new environment: for many, the(15).can be too great.And while many countries with an open policyon (16).will welcome them in with open arms, others will simply turnthem away.These people become (17)., unwanted and unwelcome.Even if they manage to get into a country, they will often be (18).orrepatriated.Their future is uncertain.Perhaps this is something we should all think about the next time we are(19).to our fi ve-star hotel by a palm-fringed beach or sitting in a buson an (20).to castle or other historical site in the countryside.Exercise 3Now try this essay.Use words and phrases from the box in Exercise 1, and any other words or phrasesthat you think would be relevant.What are the good things and bad things about traveling? Use specific examples to explain your answer.101WorkopicsTExercise 1Look at the words and phrases in the box, and use some of them to answer questions 1 – 14.Youmay need to change the form of some of the words.adverse working conditions applicant application form be made redundantblue-collar worker boss candidate commission demanding dismissdismissal downsize employee employer fi re fi xed incomefl exible working hours freelance full time hire homeworker incentivesincentive scheme income increment interview interviewee interviewerjob satisfaction job security manager manual workermanufacturing industry (on) leave overtime part-time pensionpension contributions perks profession promotion raiserecruitment drive repetitive strain injury (RSI) resign retirerewards and benefi ts salary self-employed semi-skilled service industrysick building syndrome sickness benefi t skilled a steady job stresssupervisor unemployed unemployment union unskilledunsociable hours wage (on) welfare white-collar worker workaholic1.Replace the word in bold in this sentence with another word from the box which has a similarmeaning: 'A lot of people wanted the job, but she was the best candidate'.2.What is the difference between a wage and a salary?3.Complete this sentence:.is a painful condition of the muscles inthe hands and the arms caused by doing the same movement many times (for example, using acomputer over a long period of time).4.Replace the word in bold in this sentence with another word from the box which has a similar, butless formal, meaning (you will need to change the form of the word): 'When he was caught stealingfrom the company, he was instantly dismissed.'.5.Complete this sentence: The word raise in the box is similar in meaning to.(which is also in the box).6.What is the difference between a blue-collar worker and a white-collar worker?7.True or false?: When a company downsizes its work force, this means that it pays its workers lessthan before.8.Complete this sentence:.are extra payments or benefits that youget in your job (for example, free meals, health insurance, company car, etc.).9.What do you think sick building syndrome is?10.Complete this sentence: If you have., you have work which isreliable and will last for a long time.11.True or false?: retire and resign have the same meaning.12.Complete this sentence: Banks, hospitals, and hotels are examples of.13.Would you be happy if you had adverse working conditions?14.Complete this sentence: A person who is.is not permanentlyemployed by one company, but sells their services to more than one company.102TopicsExercise 2Use your dictionary to check the meanings of the other words and phrases in the box.Exercise 3Complete this essay with appropriate words and phrases from the box in Exercise 1.You may needto change the form of some of the words.‘Some people live to work and others work to live.In most cases, this depends on the job they have andthe conditions under which they are employed.’ In your opinion, what are the elements that make a jobworthwhile?In answering this question, I would like to look fi rst at the elements that combine to make a jobun desirable.By avoiding such factors, potential (1).are more likely to fi nd a job that is more worthwhile, and by doing so, hope to achieve happiness in their work.First of all, it doesn’t matter if you are an (2).worker cleaning thefl oor, a (3).(4).worker on a production line in one of the (5)., or a(6).worker in a bank, shop, or one of the other(7).: if you lack (8)., with the knowledge that you might lose your job at any time, you will never feel happy.Everybody would like a(9).in which he or she is guaranteed work.Nowadays, however,companies have a high turnover of staff, (10).new staff and(11).others on a weekly basis.Such companies are not popular withtheir workers.The same can be said of a job in which you are put under a lot of(12).and worry, a job which is so(13).that it takes over your life, a job where you work(14).and so never get to see your family or friends, or a physical jobin which you do the same thing every day and end up with the industrial disease that is always in thepapers nowadays – (15).With all these negative factors, it would be diffi cult to believe that there are any elements that make a jobworthwhile.Money is, of course, the prime motivator, and everybody wants a good(16).But of course that is not all.The chance of(17)., of being given a better position in a company, is a motivatingfactor.Likewise, (18).such as a free lunch or a company car, an(19).scheme to make you work hard such as a regular(20).above the rate of infl ation, (21).in case you fall ill, and a company (22).scheme so that you have somemoney when you retire all combine to make a job worthwhile.Unfortunately, it is not always easy to fi nd all of these.There is, however, an alternative.Forget the offi ceand the factory fl oor and become (23).instead.When you work foryourself, your future may not be all that secure.However, at least you will be happy.Exercise 4Now try this essay.Use words and phrases from the box in Exercise 1, and any other words or phrasesthat you think would be relevant.'It is more important to have a job you enjoy doing than a job which pays well.' How far do you agreewith this statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.103Mini topicsopicsTFriends and relationsExercise 1Complete the sentences with the most appropriate words and phrases from the box [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]