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.John E.Smith (New Haven, Conn., 1959):21; Thomas Prince, The ChristianHistory Containing Accounts of the Revival and Propagation of Religion in Great-Britainand America for the Year 1744,5 (Boston, 1745):292 3.33 The Querists, Part III (Philadelphia, 1741):91; The Wonderful Wandering Spirit, in TheGreat Awakening, ed.Heimert and Miller: 147 51; also see The Querists; or, An Extract ofSundry Passages Taken Out of Mr.Whitefield s Printed Sermons, Journals and Letters(Philadelphia 1740):44.34 George Whitefield, A Short Account of God s Dealings with the Reverend Mr.GeorgeWhitefield (London, 1740):8, 48 9; Daniel Rogers, diary, 1740 53, October 31, 1740,manuscript collection, New-York Historical Society, New York, N.Y.Compare Rogers sdescription with that in Whitefield s Journals [ed.Murray]: 484.35 Whitefield quoted in Clarke Garrett, Spirit Possession and Popular Religion from theCamisards to the Shakers (Baltimore, 1987):83.36 Stuart C.Henry, George Whitefield: Wayfaring Witness (Nashville, Tenn., 1957):95 114.37 The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles, ed.Franklin B.Dexter, 3 vols.(New York, 1910):I, 80.38 The Spiritual Travels of Nathan Cole, in The Great Awakening: Event and Exegesis, ed.Darrett B.Rutman (New York, 1970):44.39 See also the 1741 Whitefield portrait now in the National Portrait Gallery, London, andreproduced, among other places, in James Henretta and Gregory Nobles, Evolution andRevolution: American Society, 1600 1820 (Lexington, Mass., 1987):106, and the eighteenth-century portrait owned by the Ipswich Historical Society and pictured in KatherineWhiteside, Early American Pleasure, The Whipple House & , House and Garden (July1987):110 19.40 Heimert, Religion and the American Mind: 48; Joel Headley, The Chaplains and Clergy ofthe Revolution (New York, 1864):92 3; Leroy M.Lee, The Life and Times of the ReverendJesse Lee (Louisville, Ky., 1948):246; [Abel Stevens], Sketches and Incidents; or, A Budgetfrom the Saddle-Bags of a Superannuated Itinerant, ed.George Peck (Cincinnati, 1848):120; Diversity and unity in early North America 124Memoirs of the Life of David Marks, Minister of the Gospel, ed.Marilla Marks (Dover, N.H.,1846):335.41 William Becket to George Whitefield, June 9, 1740, William Becket s Notices and Letters,manuscript collections, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.42 Howard C.Kee, Miracle in the Early Christian World: A Study in Sociohistorical Method(New Haven, Conn., 1983); Ramsay MacDonald, Christianizing the Roman Empire, 100A.D. 400 A.D.(New Haven, Conn., 1984); George Fox s Book of Miracles, ed.HenryJ.Cadbury (Cambridge, 1948); Richard Bushman, Joseph Smith, and the Beginnings ofMormonism (Urbana, Ill., 1984); David Harrell, Jr., All Things are Possible: The Healingand Charismatic Revivals in Modern America (Bloomington, Ind., 1975).43 Historians generally homogenize evangelical revivalist style.For a general introduction toevangelicalism, see Leonard I.Sweet, The Evangelical Tradition in America[:Introduction], in The Evangelical Tradition in America, ed.Sweet (Macon, Ga., 1984):186; on revivalism generally, see Whitney R.Cross, The Burned-Over District: The Social andIntellectual History of Enthusiastic Religion in Western New York, 1800 1850 (New York,1950); Timothy L.Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eveof the Civil War (Nashville, Tenn., 1957); and William G.McLoughlin, Revivals,Awakenings, and Reform: An Essay on Religion and Social Change in America, 1607 1977(Chicago, 1978).44 Two studies claim relatively high rates at mid-century: Patricia U.Bonomi and PeterR.Eisenstadt, Church Adherence in the Eighteenth-Century British American Colonies, William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 39 (1982):245 6; and Richard W.Pointer, ProtestantPluralism and the New York Experience: A Study of Eighteenth-Century ReligiousDiversity (Bloomington, Ind., 1987):29 31, 151.On New England church adherencepatterns, see Gerald F.Moran, The Puritan Saint: Religious Experience, ChurchMembership, and Piety in Connecticut, 1636 1776 (Ph.D.dissertation, Rutgers University,1973); and Richard P.Gildrie, Salem, Massachusetts, 1626 1682: A Covenant Community(Charlottesville, Va., 1975):64, 163 4.Difficulties with the various estimates center on thecount of congregations, the averages used to indicate congregation size, and thedifferences that result from the fact that some historians count adults while others countadults and children.These technical problems are beyond the scope of the general studyhere, though I hope to address them in a subsequent publication.45 The statistics from Radnor, Apoquimminy, and Newcastle have been collected from the Notitia Parochialis scattered through the voluminous reports of SPG ministers, containedin SPG manuscripts, ser.A, B, and C, United SPG Archives, London (microfilm, Universityof Minnesota, Minneapolis).46 Hector St.John de Crèvecoeur, Letters from an American Farmer and Sketches ofEighteenth-Century America, ed.Albert E [ Pobierz caÅ‚ość w formacie PDF ]
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.John E.Smith (New Haven, Conn., 1959):21; Thomas Prince, The ChristianHistory Containing Accounts of the Revival and Propagation of Religion in Great-Britainand America for the Year 1744,5 (Boston, 1745):292 3.33 The Querists, Part III (Philadelphia, 1741):91; The Wonderful Wandering Spirit, in TheGreat Awakening, ed.Heimert and Miller: 147 51; also see The Querists; or, An Extract ofSundry Passages Taken Out of Mr.Whitefield s Printed Sermons, Journals and Letters(Philadelphia 1740):44.34 George Whitefield, A Short Account of God s Dealings with the Reverend Mr.GeorgeWhitefield (London, 1740):8, 48 9; Daniel Rogers, diary, 1740 53, October 31, 1740,manuscript collection, New-York Historical Society, New York, N.Y.Compare Rogers sdescription with that in Whitefield s Journals [ed.Murray]: 484.35 Whitefield quoted in Clarke Garrett, Spirit Possession and Popular Religion from theCamisards to the Shakers (Baltimore, 1987):83.36 Stuart C.Henry, George Whitefield: Wayfaring Witness (Nashville, Tenn., 1957):95 114.37 The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles, ed.Franklin B.Dexter, 3 vols.(New York, 1910):I, 80.38 The Spiritual Travels of Nathan Cole, in The Great Awakening: Event and Exegesis, ed.Darrett B.Rutman (New York, 1970):44.39 See also the 1741 Whitefield portrait now in the National Portrait Gallery, London, andreproduced, among other places, in James Henretta and Gregory Nobles, Evolution andRevolution: American Society, 1600 1820 (Lexington, Mass., 1987):106, and the eighteenth-century portrait owned by the Ipswich Historical Society and pictured in KatherineWhiteside, Early American Pleasure, The Whipple House & , House and Garden (July1987):110 19.40 Heimert, Religion and the American Mind: 48; Joel Headley, The Chaplains and Clergy ofthe Revolution (New York, 1864):92 3; Leroy M.Lee, The Life and Times of the ReverendJesse Lee (Louisville, Ky., 1948):246; [Abel Stevens], Sketches and Incidents; or, A Budgetfrom the Saddle-Bags of a Superannuated Itinerant, ed.George Peck (Cincinnati, 1848):120; Diversity and unity in early North America 124Memoirs of the Life of David Marks, Minister of the Gospel, ed.Marilla Marks (Dover, N.H.,1846):335.41 William Becket to George Whitefield, June 9, 1740, William Becket s Notices and Letters,manuscript collections, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.42 Howard C.Kee, Miracle in the Early Christian World: A Study in Sociohistorical Method(New Haven, Conn., 1983); Ramsay MacDonald, Christianizing the Roman Empire, 100A.D. 400 A.D.(New Haven, Conn., 1984); George Fox s Book of Miracles, ed.HenryJ.Cadbury (Cambridge, 1948); Richard Bushman, Joseph Smith, and the Beginnings ofMormonism (Urbana, Ill., 1984); David Harrell, Jr., All Things are Possible: The Healingand Charismatic Revivals in Modern America (Bloomington, Ind., 1975).43 Historians generally homogenize evangelical revivalist style.For a general introduction toevangelicalism, see Leonard I.Sweet, The Evangelical Tradition in America[:Introduction], in The Evangelical Tradition in America, ed.Sweet (Macon, Ga., 1984):186; on revivalism generally, see Whitney R.Cross, The Burned-Over District: The Social andIntellectual History of Enthusiastic Religion in Western New York, 1800 1850 (New York,1950); Timothy L.Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eveof the Civil War (Nashville, Tenn., 1957); and William G.McLoughlin, Revivals,Awakenings, and Reform: An Essay on Religion and Social Change in America, 1607 1977(Chicago, 1978).44 Two studies claim relatively high rates at mid-century: Patricia U.Bonomi and PeterR.Eisenstadt, Church Adherence in the Eighteenth-Century British American Colonies, William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 39 (1982):245 6; and Richard W.Pointer, ProtestantPluralism and the New York Experience: A Study of Eighteenth-Century ReligiousDiversity (Bloomington, Ind., 1987):29 31, 151.On New England church adherencepatterns, see Gerald F.Moran, The Puritan Saint: Religious Experience, ChurchMembership, and Piety in Connecticut, 1636 1776 (Ph.D.dissertation, Rutgers University,1973); and Richard P.Gildrie, Salem, Massachusetts, 1626 1682: A Covenant Community(Charlottesville, Va., 1975):64, 163 4.Difficulties with the various estimates center on thecount of congregations, the averages used to indicate congregation size, and thedifferences that result from the fact that some historians count adults while others countadults and children.These technical problems are beyond the scope of the general studyhere, though I hope to address them in a subsequent publication.45 The statistics from Radnor, Apoquimminy, and Newcastle have been collected from the Notitia Parochialis scattered through the voluminous reports of SPG ministers, containedin SPG manuscripts, ser.A, B, and C, United SPG Archives, London (microfilm, Universityof Minnesota, Minneapolis).46 Hector St.John de Crèvecoeur, Letters from an American Farmer and Sketches ofEighteenth-Century America, ed.Albert E [ Pobierz caÅ‚ość w formacie PDF ]